What are the powers granted to the judicial branch by the Constitution?

The powers granted to the judicial branch by the Constitution primarily involve resolving disputes. This role is crucial as it ensures that laws are applied fairly and consistently, allows individuals to seek justice in courts, and interprets the laws in relation to the Constitution. The judicial branch acts as a mediator and arbiter when conflicts arise between parties, whether those parties are individuals, organizations, or government entities.

This function is foundational to the rule of law and helps maintain order in society. Courts exist to hear cases, interpret legal statutes, and provide judgments, which uphold the rights of citizens and address grievances. This role encompasses a range of legal issues, including civil rights, criminal cases, and constitutional questions.

The other options reflect powers that do not belong to the judicial branch. For example, creating new laws is a function of the legislative branch, while electing government officials is a power associated with the electorate and the legislative process. Managing state budgets is a responsibility of the executive branch and the legislature, as fiscal matters are typically handled through budgetary laws and decisions. Thus, the focus of the judicial branch is specifically on the resolution of disputes and interpretation of laws, solidifying its vital role in the American political system.