Which entity confirms the appointment of federal judges?

The confirmation of federal judges is primarily the responsibility of the Senate. According to the Constitution, the President nominates individuals to serve as federal judges, including those on the Supreme Court, and these appointments require the advice and consent of the Senate. This process serves as a system of checks and balances, ensuring that the legislative branch has a say in the composition of the judiciary, which is crucial for maintaining the independence of the judicial system.

The involvement of the Senate in this process underscores the importance of legislative oversight in judicial appointments, preventing the potential for overreach by the executive branch. By requiring Senate confirmation, the framers of the Constitution aimed to promote qualified judicial appointments while also allowing for political consideration and accountability.

Other entities mentioned, such as the House of Representatives or the Supreme Court, do not have any role in confirming federal judges, which reinforces the Senate's unique position in this judicial appointment process. The President, while vital in the nomination aspect, does not have the authority to appoint judges without Senate approval.